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Fer
Fer (also known as Fer Servadou, Pinenc, Mansois and several other synonyms) is a red French wine grape variety that is grown primarily in South West France and is most notable for its role in the ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' (AOC) wines of Gaillac, Marcillac and Béarn but can also be found as minor component in the wines of Madiran, Cabardès and Bergerac.〔J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 69 Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 0-19-860098-4 〕 The grape is also featured in red blends from several ''vin de pays'' regions in the south west with significant plantings coming from the Aveyron department.〔 J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 205 Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1-85732-999-6 〕
According to wine expert Oz Clarke, wine made from Fer is often characterized by its perfumed aromas of currants and red fruit, soft tannins, and concentration in fruit.〔 Oz Clarke & M. Rand ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 89 Webster International Publishers ISBN 0-15-100714-4 〕 The grape is not related to the clone of Malbec known as ''Fer'' that is widely planted throughout Argentina.〔
The name ''Fer'' is French for iron (Latin ''Ferrum''), a reference to the very hard and "iron-like" wood of the vine's above ground canopy.〔〔Wine Pros ''"(Fer entry )"'' Oxford Companion to Wine, Accessed: February 14th, 2011 〕〔Les Caves de Pyrene ''"(Grape Varieties )"'' Accessed: February 14th, 2011 〕 Because of this very hard wood stock, the vine can be difficult to prune and trellis.〔
==History==
Fer has a long tradition in the southwestern wine regions of France and is possibly indigenous to the area. For centuries many of the full-bodied red wines of the many wine-producing communes often included some percentage of Fer in the blend. The grape was prized for the color and concentration it added even though viticulture and cultivation could be difficult due to its extremely hard wood stock. Though the grape developed numerous synonyms throughout the region, the "iron-like" hardness of the vine's wood gave rise to its primary name, Fer, which is also the French word for iron.〔
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